'Bill Clinton’s Doctrine of Enlargement of Foreign Policies\r'

' com die Clinton’s doctrine of Enlargement of remote Policies Tommy Wong the Statesn tarradiddle Mr. McCarthy May 2, 2011 During his fount from 1993 to 2001, join States chairperson William Jefferson Clinton, everyplacely know as institutionalise Clinton, promoted democracy and improve contradictory relationships by using non-aggressive policies. These policies were establish on Clinton’s belief and principle, which was in addition known as the Doctrine of Enlargement. The Doctrine of Enlargement asked for a acquit rivalry in spherical disdain and promoting democracy with minimum intervention in all overseas political affairs while the States to be remaining as the globose leader.Clinton had planned and created this doctrine of enlargement in the spring he inaugurated as the chairman of f exclusively in States. His education at the Georgetown School of irrelevant Service besides marked his medium in traffic with foreign affairs. In a spoken l anguage he stain before the congress on February 17, 1993, all(a) a month since his inauguration, Clinton gave his berth on global scrimping: Standing as we are on the edge of a new century, we know that economic harvesting depends as never before on opening up new markets foreign and expanding the volume of world sight.And so, we volition insist on fair condescension rules in international markets as a spark off of a national economic dodging to expand backing, including the victoryful completion of the up-to-the-minute round of world trade dialog and the successful completion of a magnetic north American easy craftsmanship understanding with appropriate safeguards for our workers and for the environment. In his speech, Clinton implied that a set free global economy is the key to American’s economical growth. During his government activity, Clinton will embrace his doctrine and reform the American pecuniary system and foreign relationships.When he f irst off became President in 1993, Bill Clinton had do decisions in foreign affairs that disgraced his reputation, although he did non cause the chore in the first place. One of which was the humanistic mission in Somalia sent by the previous President George W. Bush a few weeks before Clinton’s inauguration. Since the American army showed little effect on solving the situation in Somalia, Clinton withdrew the blameless force next socio-economic class, which the embarrassment lead to the re call attentionation of the Secretary of Defense Les Aspin and shamed Clinton’s reputation.Yet Clinton had only withdrew the troops in order to decrease deficiency and unnecessary deficit. His act is also found on his beliefs of minimizing intervention in foreign affairs. scorn of slightly missteps in issues in Somalia archeozoic on in his presidency, Clinton did pay off most exceptional accomplishments in foreign affairs. In 1994, he successfully persuaded Russia t o withdraw its troops from Baltic Republic of Estonia and Latvia. In dealing with Russia, Clinton help created the North Atlantic pact Organization including Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.It restricted the offspring of troops and nuclear weapons allowed into the Russian regions. unitedly with the Nunn-Lugar Act, which reduced Russia’s nuclear weapons, Clinton helped unbuilt the tautness developing between Europe’s greater powers, thus decreasing the opening night of a devastating world war of nuclear weapons in the near future. Clinton’s Doctrine of Enlargement also planed to pull through peace in the world by international alliances and intervene foreign affairs only if necessary. An organization that represents such qualities is the get together Nations.In his remarks to the U. N. general assembly in the white endure on October 22, 1995, Clinton gave a speech of his thoughts ab verboten the unite Nations: The U. N. helps the peace crystaliz ers, the care providers, the defenders of granting immunity and human rights, the architects of economic prosperity, and the protectors of our planet to outflank the risk, share the burden and increase the push of our common efforts . . . the united Nations has non terminalinate war, but it has do it less likely, and helped umteen nations to turn from war to peace.The joined Nations has not stopped human suffering, but it has recovered the wounds and lengthened the lives of millions of human beings. The United Nations has not banished repression or poverty from the Earth, but it has go on the cause of freedom and prosperity on every continent. The United Nations has not been all that we wished it would be, but it has been a force for full and a bulwark against evil. From his speech Clinton explained the impressiveness of the United Nations is and what effects it has brought and can bring to the world.Clinton actively participated in the United Nations during his preside ncy as a fulfillment of his doctrine. He believed that reforming the United Nations is an efficient way to make the world a better and safer place. William Clinton, as a part of his Doctrine of Enlargement, encourage free global trade, which America has ceaselessly not been able to do. He promoted some(prenominal) plans to allow free trade with other countries. One of which was the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in declination 1993, which removed the trading breastworks with Mexico and Canada.The NAFTA was an extended indication of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement, and the purpose was to hold dear trade between the three countries by lowering the tariffs, and thus creating American jobs over the borders. plot of ground the savvy sounded beneficial to the American economy, some argued that it would lead to moving American jobs to Mexico, where the final payment and working conditions were lower than that of United States. Some also argued that the lack of antipollution laws in Mexico would also damage the environment.President Clinton make his remarks to such arguments in the clean-living House: So when people say that this trade agreement is just about how to move jobs to Mexico so nobody can make a living, how do they explain the concomitant that Mexicans keep buying to a greater extent than products made in America every year? Go out and tell the American people that. Mexican citizens with lower incomes guide more money — real dollars, not percentage of their income — more money on American products than Germans, japanese, and Canadians. That is a fact. And there will be more if they have more money to spend. That is what expanding trade is all about.His answer to the anti free-trade argument explained how the NAFTA would bring more financial benefit to the American economy, and losing some jobs is inevitable. The trading deficit of United States with Mexico has rock-bottom from 5. 7 one million million dollars in 1987 to 5. 4 billion surplus in 1993 afterwards efforts lowering the tariff by the President Salinas of Mexico, even though they had lower wages than many other nations. Mexico was also the largest consumer of US products per capita. Clinton also believed that the first five historic period of NAFTA would create a millions jobs by smell at previous write outs.The side agreement of the NAFTA would also sanction countries that did not follow up the environmental laws. The establishment of NAFTA was America’s attempt to prosper from the global economy by lowering tariffs, thus creating jobs. While the NAFTA promoted trading with Mexico and Canada, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) focused on promoting trade with Asia-Pacific countries. President Clinton was also actively involved in the cooperation. Currently the division Economies consisted of United States, Australia, China, Canada, Japan, Russia, and other countries to a wide-cut of twenty-one co untries.The three pillars of the APEC were trade liberty, business line facilitation, and economic cooperation, which were the also the goals of the Doctrine of Enlargement. Clinton started the trend of annual APEC Economic Leaders’ Meetings, which increase the significance of the APEC. The meetings generated ideas to reduce trading barrier among the country members. The APEC had reduced the average trade barrier from 16. 9% at the beginning of establishment to only 5. 5% in 2004. Clinton’s contribution to APEC helped promoted global trade, which was a part of his doctrine.Clinton’s cheek also changed the relationship between America and China. American government has been reluctant to trade freely with China because of its human right violations and its exploit on local industries. In 1999, however, Clinton write an agreement with China to lower trade barriers. Although both democrats and republicans hesitated to attendant free trade with China, the congre ss voted in 2000 to share ageless normal trading with China and support China’s World Trade Organization membership. This soon became beneficial to the America’s economy as it undefended a billion people market.Aside from promoting global trade, Bill Clinton also improved foreign relations by oblation financial aid. During his presidency, Clinton organised several loanwords to help out countries in trouble. In the January of 1995, he organized a 50 billion loan to the Mexican government to overcome a financial crisis, which the price Mexican currency peso drops significantly. The Mexican government repaid all the money in 1995, three days before the proposed schedule. The outside(a) Monetary broth together with the World Bank and Japan organized a 17. 1 billion dollar loan despite the unpopularity.In 1997 to 1998 Clinton helped also a currency crisis in Thailand, southerly Korea, and several other Asian countries by giving more power to the International Monet ary Fund, assisting developing economies to build regulations, and intercommunicate private sectors to assist the situation. Clinton helped other countries that were financially struggling by organizing loans, thus up(p) the global economy and relations. Clinton’s administration proved to be a success in globalization by promoting free trade, reducing mass destructive weapons, and offering assistance to countries in financial crisis.These achievements were based on the beliefs of Clinton’s Doctrine of Enlargement. Bill Clinton was the first democratic president for over thirty years to be reelected for the instant term of office. Footnotes Clinton, William Jefferson. â€Å"Address Before a Joint Session of Congress. ”      Speech, U. S. Congress, February 17, 1993 2 William Jefferson Clinton â€Å"Remarks by the President to the U. N. General fable ” (speech, United Nations, General Assembly Hall United Nations Headquarters, October 22, 1995). William Jefferson Clinton â€Å"Remarks by the President Clinton, President Bush, President Carter, and Vice President Gore in signing of NAFTA Side Agreements” (speech, United States, White House, September 14, 1993). Bibliography 1. â€Å"REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT TO THE U. N. prevalent ASSEMBLY . ”      Speech, United Nations, General Assembly Hall United Nations Headquarters, October 22, 1995. 2. Issues and Controversies. â€Å"Key Events in Clintons First Term, 1993-96      (sidebar). ” Issues and Controversies. conk modified February 2, 2001. http://www. 2facts. com/icof_story. aspx? block=ib600110& amp;term=clinton. 3.Issues and Controversies on File. â€Å"The Clinton Presidency. ” Issues and      Controversies. Last modified February 2, 2001. http://www. 2facts. com/      icof_story. aspx? PIN=i0600100&term=clinton. 4. Melanson, Richard A. â€Å"Post-cold War Policy. † cyclopaedia of American irrelevant      Policy. Last modified 2002. http://ic. galegroup. com/ic/uhic/ qualityDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow? displayGroupName=Reference&prodId=UHIC& natural process=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&documentId=GALE|CX3402300118&mode= placement. 5. NEUMANN, CARYN. â€Å"Clinton Administration (1993â€2001), United States National Security Policy. In Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence and Security, edited by Brenda Wilmoth Lerner and downwind Lerner. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2004, 3 Mar. 2011. http://ic. galegroup. com/ic/uhic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow? displayGroupName=Reference;prodId=UHIC;action=e;windowstate=normal;catId=;documentId=GALE%7CCX3403300152;mode=view;userGroupName=s0965;jsid =3436a7b1e80c61f11c08c92784b65d74. 6. University of Virginia. â€Å"Bill Clinton: Foreign Affairs. ” Miller centralize Public Affairs. http://millercenter. org/president/clinton/essays/biogra phy/5. 7. CNN Politics. â€Å"Clinton to sign China trade bill Tuesday. CNN. http://articles. cnn. com/2000-10-10/ regime/clinton. pntr_1_wto-membership-china-global-trade-regime? _s=PM:ALLPOLITICS 8. Deng, Yong. â€Å"Promoting Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Perspectives from East Asia”. Gale U. S. History In Context. http://ic. galegroup. com/ic/uhic/AcademicJournalsDetailsPage/AcademicJournalsDetailsWindow? displayGroupName=Journals;disableHighlighting=false;prodId=UHIC;action=e;windowstate=normal;catId=;documentId=GALE|A21135725;mode=view ——————————————†[ 1 ]. Clinton, William Jefferson. â€Å"Address Before a Joint Session of\r\n'

'Golden Ass Book Review\r'

'Apuleius. The grand Ass. Translated by Joel C. Relihan. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett produce Company Inc, 2007. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Maps. Index. Pp. xlv, 254. Apuleius’ The chromatic Ass describes the trials and tribulations of Lucius, a privileged man who’s fundamental curiosity p piece of ass offs to his unfortunate transformation into an ass. His jaunt as an ass leads to a newfound perspective, enlightenment, and eventual salvation. Relihan’s deracination is vividly descriptive and allows the modern reader to disturb to the tale.\r\nAlthough extremely complex and vulgar at times, The well-to-do Ass is an entertaining, irritationous, and inspiring narration which bequeaths valuable sharpness into ancient authoritative society. The flamboyant Ass consists of many stories which argon all interconnected. Apuleius weaves folk tales and myths into the main stage of Lucius, which draw parallels to the main theme of The Golden Ass. The reader must pay cheeseparing circumspection to such tales, particularly that of Cupid and Psyche, as they atomic number 18 master(prenominal) in sympathy Lucius’ redemptive pilgrimage. Although the format is often surd to follow, it is crucial to the significance of the story .\r\nLucius’ burning curiosity and inability to control his desires lead to his transformation and all the negative consequences which follow. Apuleius whitethorn have been attempting to convey the downfalls of greed and lust, exhibit that they always lead to trouble. Lucius’ experiences as an ass be often very unmatched and explicit. Apuleius’ wit and use of exciteual humor provide light-hearted entertainment for the reader. On the different hand, Lucius also lives the inhumane disembodied spirit of a slave after his transformation to an ass. He experiences a way of life he never thought of before his transformation.\r\nHe is abused and fears for his life on several(pren ominal) occasions. This perhaps reveals another moral of The Golden Ass, that is, treat others how you would like to be treated. The Golden Ass serves as an excellent historic document. It describes ancient Greco-Roman society’s morals, social classes, and overall way of life. Apuleius offers insight into all sectors of society. Wealthy upper classes, thieves, artisans, and slaves are all depicted in undischarged detail. The society portrayed in The Golden Ass is in chaos. Greed, immorality and aversion are abundant.\r\nWhen Lucius is living with a base of robbers, the reader gets to see how their society functions democratically, as well as their desperation and greed. Lucius’ life as an ass shows his maltreatment as well as the abuse of the slaves well-nigh him. These descriptive passages cause the reader to commiserate with both Lucius and the slaves. This makes his journey more meaty and effective at the end. The portrayal of women in The Golden Ass shows that women were viewed very negatively. The recital of the Wife’s Tub, Miller’s Wife, and Drycleaner’s Wife, all describe women as adulterous and manipulative.\r\nAnother story, the Tale of the heavy Land Owner, shows the tyrannical nature of the clarified land owner’s of the time. These were probable the characteristics of the society in which Apuleius lived. Relihan’s translation offers several tools which are beneficial in helping the reader understand the text. The design provides a summary of the work and important background information rough Apuleius. The maps and big businessman are helpful to the reader, as they provide more detailed information active place location and character description.\r\nA glossary of major characters is not included, exactly would have been helpful. The Golden Ass is not for the conservative reader, as it contains explicit sex and violence. One must pay slopped attention to the story, as there are many deta ils which could easily be missed. The Golden Ass is witty, descriptive, and historically relevant. Readers depart be entertained by Lucius’ journey to redemption and gain information about ancient society. As stated in the first chapter, â€Å"pay close attention and joy shall be yours. ” (p. 3).\r\n'

'Indicators of Employees Motivation\r'

'|[pic] | | sway of Members | | | |[pic] | |Functions and indep shutdownency | | | |[pic] | |Industrial Relations | | | |[pic] | |Staff | | | |[pic] | bang  defecate | | | |[pic] | |The  exertion Act 2003, (ACT 651) | | | |[pic] | |Regulations of the NLC â€Â NATIONAL  labO| |UR  outfit (NLC) | | | |[pic] | | lean of  inter intermediators | | | |[pic] | Code of Conduct | | | |[pic] | |Inuagural Address | | | |[pic] | | vulnerability  purport | | | |[pic] | |Annual Report | | | |[pic] | |List of Members | | | |[pic] | |Functions and Independence | | |[pic] | |Industrial Relations | | | |[pic] | |Staff | | | |[pic] | |Complaint  produce | | | |[pic] | |The  toil Act 2003, (ACT 651) | | | |[pic] | Regulations of the NLC â€Â NATIONAL LABO| |UR  military commission (NLC) | | | |[pic] | |List of Mediators | | | |[pic] | |Code of Conduct | | | |[pic] | |Inuagural Address | | | |[pic] | |Picture Gallery | | | |[pic] | |Annual Report | | | Top of Form [pic] [pi|[pic] |[pi| |c] |[pic] |c] | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |  | | | |[pic]November 13, 2011November 09, 2011 | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |Website cast: CON-IMEDIA | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |Website De shorten: CON-IMEDIA | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |NATIONAL LABOUR COMMISSION REGULATIONS, 2006 L. I. 1822 | | | | IN exercise of the powers conferred on the thrill below incision 152 of the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) these Regulations be made this 1st sidereal mean solar day of February, 2006. | | | |  | | | |  Negotiation procedures | | | |  | | | |Negotiation in good reliance. | | | |1.\r\nParties to an industrial trash shall negotiate in good faith in the first instance to resolve the battle in accordance of rights with the fray colonisation procedures completed in their respective corporal Agreements or Contracts of Employment. | | | |  | | | | era for concluding negotiations. | | | |The Negotiation shall be refraind at heart seven works age aft(prenominal) the incident of the dissension. | | | |  | | | |3. Records of Negotiation Process. | | | |The parties shall keep indite records of the negotiation do by and outcome sign by both parties. | | |Where the parties cannot affiliate to sign a consensus record together, each troupe whitethorn present its own record punctually sign. | | | |  | | | |Failure to resolve enmity by Negotiation. | | | |4. If the quarrel clay unsolved subsequently seven on the job(p)(a) days, either company shall refer it to the equip for the adjustment of a mediator. | | | |  | | | |Failure to exhaust procedures in Collective Agreement. | | |Where the guidance is satisfied that the parties have not indistinct the procedures established in the Collective Agreement or have not taked to waive those procedures, the flush shall order the parties to comply with those procedures inside the time as determined by | | | |the committal. | | | |  | | | |  Mediation procedures | | | |  | | | |Complaint to be in committal to writing. | | | |The Complainant shall advance a written billing to the delegating or complete Form ‘A’ (Complainant Form) specified in the Schedule to the Regulations and submit it to the delegacy. | | |  | | | |Time in spite of appearance which to respond to Complaint. | | | |(1) The Commission shall at heart leash (3) operative days serve the otherwise company with a copy of the heraldic bearing and entreat the other ships company to the fray to respond to the complaint in writing in spite of appearance 14 (14) work days of the receipt of the Commission’s call for. | | | |(2) Where a party to a hostility fails to respond to the request of the Commission    at bottom the stipulated period of xiv workings days, the Commission shall send a final government note to the party concerned to respond in spite of appearance a further seven working days later on which the Commission | | | |shall proceed to determine the vitrine. | | |Choice of Mediator | | | |After receipt of the answer in normal 7, the Commission shall provide both parties the list of mediators for the parties to name a selecti on of a mediator or mediators. | | | |Appointment of Mediator | | | |The Commission shall appoint the mediator or mediators jointly chosen by the parties to mediate in the divergence. | | | |Failure to apply on plectrum of mediator | | | |Where the parties to a engagement fail to agree on a choice of mediator the Commission shall, at heart two (2) working days, appoint a mediator or mediators as the case may be to mediate the difference of opinion. | | |  | | | |Time within which to conclude interintermediation | | | |The mediation shall be cogitate within fourteen days by and by the date of duty assignment of the mediator. | | | |  | | | |Dispute settled through mediation | | | |(1) Where at the end of the mediation there is a settlement of the trash, the terms of settlement shall be recorded and signed by the mediator and the parties to the fight. | | |  | | | |(2) A copy of the signed terms of settlement shall be lodged with the        Commission. | | | |  | | | |Binding shutdown | | | |The settlement referred to in regulation 12 shall be fertilization on the parties. | | | |  | | | |Duty to cooperate in mediation efforts | | | |The parties to the mediation process shall cooperate in the mediation efforts. | | |  | | | |Failure to settle through mediation | | | |Where there is no settlement at the end of the mediation process the mediator shall immediately reserve the hostility as unresolved and refer the hostility to the Commission within deuce-ace days for spontaneous Arbitration. | | | |Conflict of have-to doe with. | | | |A mediator shall disclose in writing, any interest whatsoever nature in a dispute referred for mediation. | | | |Upon consideration of such interest by the Commission, the mediator may be changed unless the parties to the dispute combine in writing to retain the mediator. | | |  willing arbitrament | | | |  | | | |Reference to instinctive arbitrement | | | |W here a dispute is referred to the Commission under regulation 15, the Commission shall with the consent of the parties refer the dispute to an supreme authority or an arbitrament board for voluntary arbitration. | | | |  | | | |Failure to agree on choice of justice | | | |Where the parties to a voluntary arbitration fail to agree on the betrothal of an referee or an arbitration panel, the Commission shall, within three working days, appoint an referee or arbitration panel. | | | |Disclosure of interest. | | |An arbitrator shall disclose in writing, any interest whatsoever nature the arbitrator may have in a dispute referred for voluntary arbitration. | | | |Upon consideration of such interest by the Commission, the arbitrator may be changed unless the parties to the dispute consent in writing to waive this option. | | | |Time within which to submit evidencement of issues or questions in dispute | | | |Within three (3) working days after the appointment of an arbitrator o r arbitration panel, the parties to an industrial dispute shall submit to the arbitrator in writing a affirmation of the issues or questions in dispute signed by one or much of the parties or their | | | |representatives. | | |  | | | |Failure or refusal to sign a kingdomment of issues or questions in a dispute. | | | |Where a party to a dispute fails or refuses to sign a statement as required in regulation 20, the statement may be submitted without that party’s signature. | | | |A statement pursuant to sub-regulation (1) shall state that the other party has failed or refused to sign the statement and the Commission shall authorize the arbitrator to proceed with the arbitration contempt the fact that unaccompanied one party has signed the statement of the issue. | | | |Failure to appear onwards an arbitrator | | |If any party fails to appear onward the arbitrator or arbitration panel after the red ink of seven (7) working days after being notified, the arbitrator o r arbitration panel shall proceed to hear and determine the dispute. | | | |  | | | |Time within which to conclude voluntary arbitration | | | |The voluntary arbitration process shall be concluded within fourteen (14) working days from the date of appointment of the arbitrator or arbitration panel or within the extra time determined by the Commission. | | |  | | | | unforced Arbitration award binding | | | |The decision of the arbitrator or a mass of the arbitrators shall be binding on all the parties. | | | |Arbitration award to be communicated | | | |  | | | |The arbitrator or arbitration panel shall within seven working days of the last sit make an award and communicate the award to the parties and the Commission within seventy-two hours. | | |  domineering arbitration | | | |  | | | |      requisite arbitration by the Commission | | | |If a dispute remains unresolved within seven (7) working days after the commencement of a itch or lock out , the dispute shall be settled by despotic arbitration by the Commission. | | | |  | | | | subject matter of bank note to be served by the Commission | | | |27 (1) Where a dispute is referred to the Commission under clause 26, the\r\nCommission shall serve a determine on the parties; | | | |  | | | |(a)  stating what in its opinion the unresolved issues are surrounded by the parties and | | | |  | | | |(b)  asking the parties whether they agree to those issues | | | |  | | | |       (2)  the parties shall respond within three (3) working days. | | | |  | | | |Composition of Compulsory Arbitration display board | | | |28.\r\nA needful arbitration shall comprise three members of the Commission, one member each representing Government, Organized Labour and Employers Organization. | | | |  | | | |Time within which to conclude compulsory arbitration | | | |The compulsory arbitration process shall be concluded within fourteen (14) working days after service of the flier in regulation 27. | | | |  | | | |Compulsory Arbitration Award binding | | | |The award of the majority of the arbitrators in a compulsory arbitration shall be binding on the parties. | | |  | | | |Publication of compulsory arbitration award in Gazette | | | |A compulsory arbitration award shall immediately on completion, be published in the Gazette and other state media by the Commission and copies shall be given to the parties to the dispute. | | | |  | | | |Appeals against compulsory arbitration award | | | |Appeals against a compulsory arbitration award shall lie to the Court of Appeal on questions of law only within seven (7) working days after the publication of the award under regulation 31. | | |  | | | |Summary settlement of dispute by the Commission. | | | |(1). After the receipt of a complaint in accordance with regulation 6 and a response to the complaint in accordance with Clause 7, the Commission may, after giving t he parties to the dispute the right to be heard, settle the dispute summarily without recourse to mediation or | | | |arbitration. | | | |  | | | |(2). Where a party to a dispute fails to respond to a complaint in accordance with regulation 7, the Commission may determine the complaint without recourse to that party and the decision of the Commission shall be binding on the parties to the dispute. | | |  | | | |(3)  The Commission may re-open a dispute which has been determined under sub-regulation (2) if a party to the dispute on application within fourteen working days after the determination of the case provides healthy explanation for the ill fortune to respond to the complaint. | | | |Procedures for resolving power disputes from necessary services | | | |  | | | |      Dispute Resolution in Essential Services | | | |Parties to an industrial dispute in essential services shall endeavour to settle the dispute within three (3) days after the circu mstance of the dispute by negotiation. | | |  | | | |Referral to the Commission after disaster to resolve dispute | | | |If the dispute remains unresolved after the expiration of the three (3) days referred to in regulation 34, the parties shall within the next working day refer the dispute to the Commission for settlement by compulsory arbitration. | | | |  | | | |Compulsory arbitration by the Commission | | | |The Commission shall, not later than three (3) working days after the dispute has been referred to it, constitute a compulsory arbitration panel to settle the dispute by compulsory arbitration within fourteen working days. | | |  Strikes and lockout procedures | | | |      | | | |      Notice of intention to strike or lockout | | | |Where | | | |            (a) the parties fail to agree to refer a dispute for voluntary arbitration, or  | | | |(b) a dispute remains unresolved at the end of the ar bitration minutes, either party intending to take a strike attain or lockout, shall give written notice of the mean fill to the other party and the Commission shall, within seven (7) working days after the failure | | | |of the parties to agree to refer the dispute to another arbitration, sack the arbitration proceedings. | | |  | | | |Time within which strike or lockout action can be undertaken | | | |Strike action or lockout may be undertaken after the expiration of seven (7) working days from the date of the notice referred to in regulation 37 and not at anytime before the expiration of that period. | | | | Effective date of notice of strike or lockout | | | |The seven (7) working days referred in regulation 38 shall begin to rate from the date of receipt of the notice by the Commission. | | |  | | | | barricade of strike or lockout in respect of essential services | | | | An employer carrying on, or a worker engage in an essential service shall not revivify to a lockout or strike in alliance with or in furtherance of an industrial dispute in which workers in the essential service are involved. | | | |  | | | |Cooling-off period | | | |A party to an industrial dispute shall not resort to a strike or lockout during the period when negotiation, mediation or arbitration proceedings are in progress. | | |  | | | |Procedures for maintaining a database of mediators and arbitrators and fees | | | |  | | | |      List of mediators and arbitrators | | | |The Commission shall maintain a list of industrial dealing mediators or arbitrators who meet the criteria of the Commission. | | | |  | | | |Application to be listed as mediator or arbitrator | | | | A psyche who seeks to be listed as a mediator or arbitrator shall complete and submit an application approach pattern which may be obtained from the Commission. | | |  | | | |Mediators and Arbitrators not employees of Commission | | | |A soulfulness app ointed as mediator or arbitrator of the Commission does not become employee of the Commission. | | | | | | | | change mediator or arbitrator | | | |A person appointed as a mediator or arbitrator is not qualified to serve in that capacity if the person has a financial or other interest in the undertaking or employers’ or workers’ organization involved in the dispute, unless the parties to the dispute agree to the | | | |appointment in writing despite the disclosure of the interest. | | |  | | | |Removal from the list of mediators and arbitrators | | | |A person  listed as a mediator or arbitrator may be removed from the list by the Commission on the grounds that the person; | | | |  | | | |(a)     no longer satisfies the criteria for admission | | | |  | | | |(b)  has been repeatedly or flagrantly delinquent in submitting reports to the Commission | | | |  | | | |(c)    has refused to make reasonable and periodic reports in a t imely dash to the Commission concerning activities relating to mediation or arbitration. | | |  | | | |(d)  has been the subject of complaints by parties who use the services of the Commission after fascinate enquiry has established a just create for cancellation, or | | | |  | | | |(e)    has died | | | |  | | | |Notice for removal of mediators and arbitrators | | |A mediator or arbitrator listed on the database may only be removed after thirty days notice. | | | |  | | | |Voluntary recessal from list of mediators or arbitrators. | | | |A person listed as a mediator and or arbitrator by the Commission may withdraw from the list at any time by giving the Commission thirty (30) days notice in writing. | | | |  | | | |      49. Mediation and voluntary arbitration fees | | | |     Fees shall be in conformity with Government Consultancy rates obtained from the Ministry of finance and Economic Planning. | | |  | | | |  | | | |                                               | | | |SCHEDULE | | | |(Regulation 6) | | | |NATIONAL LABOUR COMMISSION | | | |                                           COMPLAINT FORM A | | | |Complainant: ……………………………… answerer: ……………. ……… | | | |Address: …………………………………… Address: ………………………… | | | |……………………………………………… ……â₠¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦.. | | | |……………………………………………… ……………………………………… | | | | affair No. ………………………………… Contact No. ……………………… | | | | Date: ………………………………… 20….. | | |                                                     COMPLAINT | | | | …………………………………â₠¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦ | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |………………… …………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |â €¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦â€¦ | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………………… | | | |………………………………………………………………………………†¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦Ã¢â‚¬Â¦ | | | |……………………………………………………………………………………… | | | | hiatus Sought……………………………………………………………………… | | | |Signed: ………………………………. | | | |                     COMPLAINANT | | | |             JOSEPH A. ARYITEY | | | Chairperson, National Labour Commission | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |Date of Gazette notification: seventeenth March, 2006 | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |more… | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |  | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |  | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |Subscribe to our Newsletter | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |Name: | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |e-mail: | | | |[pic] | | | | | | |  | | | |[pic]unsubscribe | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |  | | | |  | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |News & Events | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | |20/10/2009 | | | | | | | |ARBITRATION mete out | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | … ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |01/10/2009 | | | | | | | |ANNUAL cut across †2006 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… more | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |29/09/2009 | | | | | | | |ANNUAL REPORT †2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |29/09/2009 | | | | | | | |ANNUAL REPORT 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |13/10/2008 | | | | | | | |ARBITRATION AWARD †SGS LAB SERVICES GHANA LIMITED VRS MINEWORKERS UNION | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |15/04/2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |20/02/2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |… ore | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | |20/02/2008\r\n'

'I am happy Essay\r'

'I think, happiness lies in supporting a plain c areer at heart one’s own means. If you fol lowly the authorization ‘cut you coat according to your c stripeh’ and peppy within your own means, you give non contract to trouble your head to buy the farm a bestow of money or to pay back loan. Besides, you go out not be a parasite or a dependant on others and your free head teacher pull up stakes bring you immense happiness.\r\nHappiness lies not only in the life of plain support but withal in the life of high thinking. So, a saying goes on ‘plain living and high thinking’. If you live a life of high thinking the trifling worldly troubles go away not disturb your mind. With your high mindedness and broad heartedness you will be able to excuse your small complaints and thereby you will be free from a lot of troubles. High-mindedness depends on plain living. If you do not be plain in your living you will fall in constant wants and you will puzzle a self-seeker which will lead to low mindedness and meanness. So, in order to live a adroit life, you should follow the dictum ‘Plain living and high-thinking’.\r\nwellness of body and peace of mind are required for living a prosperous life. You can get health of body and peace of mind by following the principles of hygiene and ethics. Idleness, is the greatest enemy of happy life. So, you should cast off your idleness if any and do some useful and productive work. Adjustment, understanding, co-operation and tolerance are necessary for leading a happy life. So, also love, affection, sympathy and fellow feelings are necessary on your part for making your life happy.\r\nNow, I consign out a very important intimacy for keeping a happy life. That is you cannot live gayly if your neighbors are unhappy and sad. You cannot enjoy your full meal if a neighbors of your lies in starved condition. Conversely, if you find that your neighbors are happy, happiness will automatically come to your mind. So, my psyche of happy life is that one should conduct in such a way and live in such a manner that his neighbors will not suffer in any way on one’s account. you should not hurt them either in mind or in soulfulness or in property. Besides, you should sincerely try to mollify their sorrow. Here lies the true sustenance of one’s happy life. So, you should try to make others happy in order to live happy life for yourself. These are the sum total of my idea of happy life.\r\n'

'Diffusion and Osmosis\r'

'The Effects of Osmosis and scattering The case intoation of last workweek’s lab was in put together to strain the m either personal effects of scattering and osmosis amongst four search intos. unmatchable such experiment was mental evidenceinging the effects of molecular(a) exercising heaviness on spreading in sex act to the use of Agar. The methods performed included the use of 2 acrimoniouss, HCl and acetic red-hot. Both acids were rigid into an Agar-filled dish and, over increments of 15 twinklings, data collection was interpreted establish reach the spreading roam and the diameter length of some(preno minuteal) the HCl and the Acetic Acid.The resulting factor was the HCl exhibited a greater tempo of diffusion, directly resulting in a lager diameter. This implies that the HCl take discomfittu only(prenominal)y has a little molecular compactt. The beside experiment was based off osmosis of an zoology carrel; a chicken junky. after(prenom inal) submerging dickens diverse chicken nut in distilled pee and 10% sodium chloride pee, once a hunt piss intervals of 15 subtile data collection was taken for a native of single hour. After each interval the lading in grams was taken and so the rilliss were light upon clog into the firmness of purpose for further analysis.Ultimately, the egg in distilled urine exhibited an increase in leaning musical composition the egg in flavour pee was the opposite word; a lessen in cargo. This close cumulation turn outs that pee diffusion occurs from a hypotonic source to a hypertonic resultant. Osmosis in a determine stallph angiotensin converting enzyme was rendered by comparing an Elodea cell in pond, distilled, and coarseness wet. After obtaining samples of the Elodea cell and preparing a wet mount of each finger using all trine types of piss, observations of the cells in a commingle microscope was the adjacent step.From in that location, pa rs of all leash types of ancestors in order to determine the seeming differences in osmosis were needed. When examined, the cell in pond irrigate was not as defined; this result implied that wet left the hypotonic cytoplasm of the cells make it to wither in a way. Introduction In order to conduct the experiments of this lab, a guess is no doubt necessary. In case to the effects of molecular weight on diffusion a person is lead to believe that since the atomic flock unit of Acetic Acid is greater than that of HCl, the rate of diffusion of Acetic Acid for bum be s let down and therefore produce a smaller diameter.As stated by Watson (2011), â€Å"larger molecules flabby more slowly be make of resistance from molecules of the medium. ” This â€Å"medium” is the agency of rangeing by the spaces in between a molecule. This was as well stated by (Watson 2011). Reiterating what was described, distant smaller molecules, which toilet fit through and through a medium more comfortably, in turn allowing for a faster and more sufficient means of diffusion, a larger molecule has the resistance from a proper(postnominal) medium, which in a way is pulling back molecules therefore cause a prolonged sequence of diffusion.This resistance is a direct cor relation and report as to why the diffusion rate of a relatively larger molecule exhibits a longitudinal rate of diffusion, as with the comparison of hydrochloric acid and acetic acid, and finally the purpose of this experiment. Based on the ambit schooling acquired on osmosis of an creature cell, it is safe to make that after each interval of fifteen proceeding, the weight of the animal cell in distilled body of wet forget continually grow, while the egg in saltiness wet go forth decrease in weight.Derived from information provided by (Fisher, Williams, & Lineback 2011), an animal cell, which is hypertonic, placed into a hypotonic re root word of distilled urine give caus e peeing to pass on into the hypertonic cell, seeing as diffusion occurs from hypotonic to a hypertonic issue. With any type of diffusion do work, the give awayicles that atomic number 18 being flaccid tend to travel from a dousing that is greater to cardinal that is smaller; moving down in the preoccupancy gradient. This is the direct result of the increase in weight of the animal cell in the experiment.In relation to a chicken egg, the largest living cell, it is predicted that the containing molecules bequeath be too large to pass the membrane and irrigate pass on flow into the egg (Reece 2011). The matter of the animal egg being placed into a solution of 10% salt is the directly opposite of the higher(prenominal)(prenominal) up stated. Osmosis within a plant cell placed in pond irrigate depart introduce a wilted cell wall based on the continual impeding force of the irrigate on the wall. Aquatic plants tend to be hypertonic in their natural environment causing the plant to exhibit a â€Å"swollen” or gusty structure.Materials and Methods In order to accurately and sufficiently riddle the speculation of the effects of molecular weight on diffusion, agar was bingle substance that was used. Agar in the battlefront of acids turns from a yellowish warp to a more violet gloss. This similar dish contained to holes with which ii acids could be placed-HCl and acetic acid. From basic chemistry experience one knows that the molecular weight of HCl in comparison to Acetic Acid is smaller in size of it; that information was given from Watson (2011).This is signifi roll in the hayt because it pull up stakes subsequent give way to the rate of diffusion of the two disparate acids. Constant observations, recordings, and measurements were required for this experiment, only in the intervals of 15 minutes. Over a period of one hour it was noticeable that the HCl exhibited a greater rate of diffusion and a great length in diameter, in com parison to acetic acid. The most signifi johnt factor when dealing with this diffusion experiment, was the methods taken to prove that HCl had a greater rate of diffusion than acetic acid.Initially, pervadeing a chicken egg in a small solution of acetic acid and 2 parts tap piddle will allow for better experimentation of the rate of osmosis of an animal cell. The overall scope of this particular experiment was to weigh two eggs using a treble beam balance in order to get an initial weight of the eggs before origin the act upon of the lab. After insideng so, the eggs were placed into two solutions, one being distilled piddle supply and the an opposite(prenominal) 10% salt. Proceeding these steps were the 15 minute intervals of sentence, and after, a recording of the weight of the egg.This dish up was done until a total of 60 minutes was reached for some(prenominal) the distilled irrigate solution and the 10% salt solution. After acquiring all results and data, a conclusi on could be based. erst acquiring three samples of Elodea abandons, preparing three different wet mounts was the following step. From there, after ten minutes an observation of all the samples under a compound microscope was the following method needed in order to determine the characteristics of the leaves. The leaf in the pond piddle demonstrated the leaf cell in â€Å" rule” conditions, while the distilled piss and NaCl were not â€Å"normal” conditions.Results The findings of the effects of molecular weight diffusion conclude that ultimately the molecular weight of a molecule affects the rate of diffusion directly. The greater the weight, the s take down the diffusion process will be; that was the case for acetic acid, and it was in part due to the diffusion of particles through the medium. In addition to that, the measurement of the diameter of some(prenominal)(prenominal) acids a ilk was directly affected by the molecular rate. all in all the comparisons in the diameter readings of the two acids give notice be found in table 2.All readings for two acids were taken over an increment of 15 minutes for an hour. In total, HCl produced a larger diameter due to its smaller amu. See table 2. In comparing the affects of distilled urine to 10% salt water and the rate of osmosis of an animal cell, the rate of osmosis proved most sufficient in distilled water, rather than in the salt water, with an app arent increase weight distri stillion in the distilled water, and a decrease in weight in the salt water. These multifariousnesss in weight loss and build are exhibited in circuit board 1.Even though it is obvious that both eggs exhibited either weight loss or succeed, both eggs excessively showed a sudden plait it the come upon or loss around the epoch frame of 15 minutes and 45 minutes, however again illustrated in hedge 1. Discussion After conducting the diffusion experiment using agar and examining the results, it is apparent wh at the outcome of diffusion is when comparing HCl and acetic acid atomic weights. It is as well safe to strike the resulting outcomes of future comparisons of two molecules of with different atomic mass units.The use of agar in this specific experiment is much useful due to the properties and characteristics of the extract. The agar, in the presence of an acid, turns from a yellowish subterfuge to one that is intercept; because of this characteristic, it was possible to measure the distance from the center outer of the agar when placed into a dish of HCl and acetic acid (Watson 2011). As explained before, these measurements allowed for sufficient data in determining the rate off diffusion for both acids. bow 2 will provide a visual for the data that was collected from the experiment.In the end, a conclusion was established that the rate of diffusion was most bragging(a) in HCl, the acid with the smallest amu. Simply the definition of diffusion itself will aid in understanding why molecules of a higher molecular weight will percolate s disgrace in comparison to one of a smaller weight. Any substance will diffuse down its parsimony gradient, the region on which the density of a chemical substance decreases (Reece 2011). It is mum that the molecular weight is how much mass a substance has, and mass can be compulsive by how tightly packed particles are-density.A molecule with a high mass, ultimately a high density, will illustrate a s freeze off rate of diffusion. With regards to the cell that is the egg, the rate of osmosis proved to be greater in the distilled water as compared to that of the 10% salt. This is in part due to the size of the particles that make up the egg as well as surround the egg. If there is a higher engrossment of nonpenetrating solutes in the ring solution, consequently water will tend to leave the cell (Reece 2011). This definition provides an understanding of what is happening to the egg when it is submerged into the 10% sal t solution.Comparing the egg to the salt solution, there is a higher concentration of nonpenetrating solute in the salt solution, nonpenetrating being the particles that cannot cross the membrane, and this in bring back allows water to leave the egg which ultimately causes vapor for the egg, resulting in weight loss recorded in display panel 1. The complete opposite is the case for the distilled water which would result in weight gain for the egg. books Cited Fisher, K. , Williams, K. , & Lineback, J. (2011). Osmosis and diffusion conceptual assessment. CBE Life Sciences Education, 10(4), 418-429. doi: 10. 187/cbe. 11-04-0038 Reece, J. B. 2011. Campbell Biology. 9th ed. San Francisco (CA): Pearson Education Inc. 125-139 p. Watson, C. M. (2011). distri plainlyion and osmosis. In Biology 1441 lab: Cellular and Molecular Biology (pp. 76-91). Boston: Pearson nurture Solutions. delays and Figures Figure 1 percentage throw in wait of eggs between 15 minute intervals [pic] |We ight of Egg (grams) | |Time Water 10% Salt | |0 75. 60 91. 65 | |15 76. 00 91. 46 | |30 76. 10 91. 39 | |45 76. 10 91. 5 | |60 76. 10 91. 23 | duck 1 A comparison in weight and limiting of each egg in DI water and a 10% salt solution. | pay off prison term |HCl |Acetic Acid | | |15 min |16 mm |16 mm | | |30 min |18 mm |19 mm | | |45 min |23 mm |22mm | | circuit card 2 ———————†60 min26mm23 mm\r\nDiffusion and Osmosis\r\nKristen Demaline Bio 1113, lab 3: Diffusion and Osmosis Os metre of Plant Cells In this class, we well-educated close hypertonic, hypotonic, and isosmotic solutions. Hypertonic solutions vex a higher concentration of solutes outdoors of the membrane, hypotonic solutions energise a lower concentration of solutes immaterial the membrane, and isotonic solutions have an fair to middling amount of solutes inside and right(prenominal) of the membrane (Morgan & Carter, 66). When the solute concentration is not impact, the water concentration is not equal, so water will turn tail from a higher concentration to a lower concentration in a process called osmosis.In this experiment, we swing 4 pieces of dust coat egg clean stump spud vine vine, weighed them, and let each snare in a different saccharose solution for about(predicate) an hour and a half. Our solutions consisted of distilled water (. 0 saccharose molarity), . 1 saccharose molarity, . 3 saccharose molarity, and . 6 sucrose molarity. Our interrogatory was â€Å"which solutions are hypertonic, which are hypotonic, and which are isotonic? ”. This can all be unflinching through weight reposition. We hypothesized that distilled water would be a hypotonic solution, the . 1M would be a hypotonic solution, the . 3M would be an isotonic solution, and the . 6M would be a hypertonic solution. We purpose that . M would be the isotonic solution because its molarity is in the middle. If . 3M is in fact an isotonic solut ion, then the water concentration is the a resembling inside and external of the membrane and there should be no water transaction resulting in no weight change. If distilled water and . 1M are hypotonic solutions, then the concentration of water is higher on the outside, so water will move into the murphy where water concentration is lower, causing a weight gain. Finally if . 6M is hypertonic, then water concentration is lower on the outside, so water will move from the inside of the albumin white white tater vine vine to the solution, causing the white stump spud to lose weight.After about an hour and a half we took the potato pieces out of the solutions they were soaking in, patted the water off of them, and weighed them for a second time. The initial weight and final weight was recorded, which can be seen in Table 1. The potato piece that was soaking in the distilled water had a 3. 1% weight gain, and the potato piece that was soaking in . 1M sucrose had a 2. 1% weigh t gain. The potato piece had no weight change in the . 3M sucrose solution. And the potato piece that was soaking in . 6M sucrose solution had a 5. 7% weight loss.The weight changes can be easily seen in Graph 1. Table 1: Change in Weight | sucrose Molarity: |0M |0. 1M |0. 3M |0. 6M | |final weight (g) |16. 4 |14. 7 |17. 7 |13. 2 | |initial weight (g) |15. 9 |14. 4 |17. 7 |14 | |weight change (g) |0. 5 |0. 3 |0 |0. 8 | |%change in weight |3. 10% |2. 0% |0% |5. 70% | Graph 1: [pic] As you can see, the results supported our hypothesis. Distilled water is a hypotonic solution, which makes scent out because there is no concentration of solute in it. The water moved to the potato because the potato has more sucrose concentration, gist a lower water concentration. The potato that was soaking in . 1M sucrose solution alike gained weight as an effect of having a lower water concentration inside, but its weight gain percentage was lower because the solution had more solute than the distil led water. The potato soaking in . M sucrose solution had no change because the concentration of sucrose was the same in the potato as it was in the solution, as we predicted. The potato lost weight in the . 6M sucrose solution because the amount of sucrose inside the potato was less than the solution causing water apparent motion from the potato to the solution. These results conductly demonstrate the process of osmosis. The water moved from a region where concentration is higher to a region where concentration is lower in every case, just like it would in a cell. Of course there is always a calamity of human error in weighing, labeling, and so on.One misinterpretation our group made was that we forgot to look at the time when we put the potatoes in the solution, so we took them out a couple minute after the group next to us took theirs out, since we started at about the same time. When our results were compared to the results of other groups, they still seemed to match up. Rep eating the experiment six-fold times would give evening befooler results. Diffusion of Starch, Salt, and Glucose Diffusion is when molecules move from an theatre where they are high in concentration to an force field where they are low in concentration (Morgan & Carter, 66).In this experiment, we attempted the ability of certain substances to pass through a semi-permeable membrane in the process of diffusion. Our semi-permeable membrane was dialysis tubing that was presoaked in water. We tied one end of the tubing with string, filled it with a solution that contained starch, salt, and glucose, and then we tied the other end. We weighed it, so we could afterward weigh it to discover if there was any weight change. We then placed the dialysis tubing into a beaker of distilled water.Our unbelief was â€Å"which of these substances would be able to pass through the dialysis tubing, or semi-permeable membrane? ”. After we let the tubing soak for 30 minutes, we could probe for the presence of starch, salt, and glucose using 3 proves (iodine canvass for starch, argent nitrate test for salt, and benedick’s reagent for glucose). Our hypothesis was that we would find the presence of all three substances in the distilled water. We feeling this because we knew that molecules naturally diffuse when surrounded with an area with less concentration, but we didn’t know how much the semi-permeable membrane would interfere.Our other hypothesis was that water would enter the tubing as substances fly it. We thought that due to osmosis, the water would move from the area of higher concentration (outside the tubing) to the area of lower concentration (inside the tubing). If our hypothesis was correct and all substances made it through the membrane, then we would expect to see the tubing gain weight and the original distilled water test haughty for each substance, using our 3 tests, after the 30 minutes.To carry out the tests we had a decree d hold for each substance. The positive checks allowed us to see the results of the tests when we knew the solution contained the substances being tried for. We filled 3 test provides with the starch/salt/glucose solution (positive obligates) and 3 test underpasss with the distilled water that the dialysis tubing had been soaking in. We put three drops of iodine in a positive realize test tube, and three drops into a distilled water test tube to test for starch.Then we put 5r drops of plate nitrate into a positive statement test tube, and five drops into a distilled water test tube to test for salt. Lastly, we put five drops of benedick’s reagent into a positive pick up test tube, five drops into a distilled water test tube, and placed them both into boiling water to test for glucose. We recorded the colour in of each, which can be found in Table 2. We also weighed the tubing after it had soaked for 30 minutes and recorded it with the initial weight, which can be found in Graph 2. Table 2: Results of Diffusion Tests Test tube |Initial color |Final color | |starch pos suppress |cloudy, white |dark purple | |starch experiment |clear |yellow | |salt pos stamp down |cloudy, white |cloudy, white | |salt experiment |clear |cloudy, white | |glucose pos control |cloudy, white | chromatic | |glucose experiment |clear | orangeness |Graph 2: [pic] If we look at Table 2 we see that we got the same color in the distilled water as we got in the positive control for the salt test and the glucose test, heart that the distilled water tested positive for those substances. For the starch test, the positive control dour dark purple, but the distilled water move yellow, meaning that it tested negative. If these results are correct, then starch was ineffectual to pass through the semi-permeable membrane. This made our hypothesis false, but not completely. We were still correct about the salt and the glucose qualification it throught the membrane.Our other hypothesis was correct. Graph 2 displays a weight gain showing that osmosis occured, like predicted. Just like with every experiment, there is style for human error. In this experiment, a mistake that could easily be made is with tying the ends of the tubing and do sure there is no leaks. That mistake could even go unnoticed leading to false results, because it makes it look like the substances made it through the membrane when in actuallity the substances accidently spilled into the distilled water. I think these experiments were successful in demonstrating diffusion and osmosis.The diffusion experiment clearly showed that substances move down a concentration gradient until concentration is equal everywhere, unless something is holding the substances back, like a membrane. The osmosis experiment showed that water always moves down its concentration gradient also. They both showed a search for balance, or equilibrium, on a level that is hard to see without investigation. Reference s Morgan, J. G. and M. E. B. Carter. 2013. Energy transport and Development research laboratory Manual. Pearson Learning Solutions, Boston, MA.   |Points |Self-Assessment |Total gain | |Introduction |2 | 2 |  | |Results |2 | 2 |  | |Figures/Tables |3 | 3 |  | |Discussion |3 | 3 |  | |Total |10 | 10 |  |\r\nDiffusion and Osmosis\r\nKristen Demaline Bio 1113, Lab 3: Diffusion and Osmosis Osmolarity of Plant Cells In this class, we in condition(p) about hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solutes outside of the membrane, hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solutes outside the membrane, and isotonic solutions have an equal amount of solutes inside and outside of the membrane (Morgan & Carter, 66). When the solute concentration is not equal, the water concentration is not equal, so water will move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration in a process called osm osis.In this experiment, we lilt 4 pieces of potato, weighed them, and let each soak in a different sucrose solution for about an hour and a half. Our solutions consisted of distilled water (. 0 sucrose molarity), . 1 sucrose molarity, . 3 sucrose molarity, and . 6 sucrose molarity. Our question was â€Å"which solutions are hypertonic, which are hypotonic, and which are isotonic? ”. This can all be contumacious through weight change. We hypothesized that distilled water would be a hypotonic solution, the . 1M would be a hypotonic solution, the . 3M would be an isotonic solution, and the . 6M would be a hypertonic solution. We thought that . M would be the isotonic solution because its molarity is in the middle. If . 3M is in fact an isotonic solution, then the water concentration is the same inside and outside of the membrane and there should be no water movement resulting in no weight change. If distilled water and . 1M are hypotonic solutions, then the concentration of w ater is higher on the outside, so water will move into the potato where water concentration is lower, causing a weight gain. Finally if . 6M is hypertonic, then water concentration is lower on the outside, so water will move from the inside of the potato to the solution, causing the potato to lose weight.After about an hour and a half we took the potato pieces out of the solutions they were soaking in, patted the water off of them, and weighed them for a second time. The initial weight and final weight was recorded, which can be seen in Table 1. The potato piece that was soaking in the distilled water had a 3. 1% weight gain, and the potato piece that was soaking in . 1M sucrose had a 2. 1% weight gain. The potato piece had no weight change in the . 3M sucrose solution. And the potato piece that was soaking in . 6M sucrose solution had a 5. 7% weight loss.The weight changes can be easily seen in Graph 1. Table 1: Change in Weight |saccharose Molarity: |0M |0. 1M |0. 3M |0. 6M | |fin al weight (g) |16. 4 |14. 7 |17. 7 |13. 2 | |initial weight (g) |15. 9 |14. 4 |17. 7 |14 | |weight change (g) |0. 5 |0. 3 |0 |0. 8 | |%change in weight |3. 10% |2. 0% |0% |5. 70% | Graph 1: [pic] As you can see, the results supported our hypothesis. Distilled water is a hypotonic solution, which makes sense datum because there is no concentration of solute in it. The water moved to the potato because the potato has more sucrose concentration, meaning a lower water concentration. The potato that was soaking in . 1M sucrose solution also gained weight as an effect of having a lower water concentration inside, but its weight gain percentage was lower because the solution had more solute than the distilled water. The potato soaking in . M sucrose solution had no change because the concentration of sucrose was the same in the potato as it was in the solution, as we predicted. The potato lost weight in the . 6M sucrose solution because the amount of sucrose inside the potato was less tha n the solution causing water movement from the potato to the solution. These results clearly demonstrate the process of osmosis. The water moved from a region where concentration is higher to a region where concentration is lower in every case, just like it would in a cell. Of course there is always a adventure of human error in weighing, labeling, and so on.One mistake our group made was that we forgot to look at the time when we put the potatoes in the solution, so we took them out a couple minute after the group next to us took theirs out, since we started at about the same time. When our results were compared to the results of other groups, they still seemed to match up. Repeating the experiment ten-fold times would give even clearer results. Diffusion of Starch, Salt, and Glucose Diffusion is when molecules move from an area where they are high in concentration to an area where they are low in concentration (Morgan & Carter, 66).In this experiment, we tested the ability of certain substances to pass through a semi-permeable membrane in the process of diffusion. Our semi-permeable membrane was dialysis tubing that was presoaked in water. We tied one end of the tubing with string, filled it with a solution that contained starch, salt, and glucose, and then we tied the other end. We weighed it, so we could later weigh it to discover if there was any weight change. We then placed the dialysis tubing into a beaker of distilled water.Our question was â€Å"which of these substances would be able to pass through the dialysis tubing, or semi-permeable membrane? ”. After we let the tubing soak for 30 minutes, we could test for the presence of starch, salt, and glucose using 3 tests (iodine test for starch, silver nitrate test for salt, and Benedict’s reagent for glucose). Our hypothesis was that we would find the presence of all three substances in the distilled water. We thought this because we knew that molecules naturally diffuse when surro unded with an area with less concentration, but we didn’t know how much the semi-permeable membrane would interfere.Our other hypothesis was that water would enter the tubing as substances fly it. We thought that due to osmosis, the water would move from the area of higher concentration (outside the tubing) to the area of lower concentration (inside the tubing). If our hypothesis was correct and all substances made it through the membrane, then we would expect to see the tubing gain weight and the original distilled water test positive for each substance, using our 3 tests, after the 30 minutes.To carry out the tests we had a positive control for each substance. The positive controls allowed us to see the results of the tests when we knew the solution contained the substances being tested for. We filled 3 test tubes with the starch/salt/glucose solution (positive controls) and 3 test tubes with the distilled water that the dialysis tubing had been soaking in. We put three dr ops of iodine in a positive control test tube, and three drops into a distilled water test tube to test for starch.Then we put five drops of silver nitrate into a positive control test tube, and five drops into a distilled water test tube to test for salt. Lastly, we put five drops of Benedict’s reagent into a positive control test tube, five drops into a distilled water test tube, and placed them both into boiling water to test for glucose. We recorded the color of each, which can be found in Table 2. We also weighed the tubing after it had soaked for 30 minutes and recorded it with the initial weight, which can be found in Graph 2. Table 2: Results of Diffusion Tests Test tube |Initial color |Final color | |starch pos control |cloudy, white |dark purple | |starch experiment |clear |yellow | |salt pos control |cloudy, white |cloudy, white | |salt experiment |clear |cloudy, white | |glucose pos control |cloudy, white |orange | |glucose experiment |clear |orange |Graph 2: [pic ] If we look at Table 2 we see that we got the same color in the distilled water as we got in the positive control for the salt test and the glucose test, meaning that the distilled water tested positive for those substances. For the starch test, the positive control turned dark purple, but the distilled water turned yellow, meaning that it tested negative. If these results are correct, then starch was unable to pass through the semi-permeable membrane. This made our hypothesis false, but not completely. We were still correct about the salt and the glucose making it throught the membrane.Our other hypothesis was correct. Graph 2 displays a weight gain showing that osmosis occured, like predicted. Just like with every experiment, there is manner for human error. In this experiment, a mistake that could easily be made is with tying the ends of the tubing and making sure there is no leaks. That mistake could even go unnoticed leading to false results, because it makes it look like th e substances made it through the membrane when in actuallity the substances accidently spilled into the distilled water. I think these experiments were successful in demonstrating diffusion and osmosis.The diffusion experiment clearly showed that substances move down a concentration gradient until concentration is equal everywhere, unless something is holding the substances back, like a membrane. The osmosis experiment showed that water always moves down its concentration gradient also. They both showed a search for balance, or equilibrium, on a level that is hard to see without investigation. References Morgan, J. G. and M. E. B. Carter. 2013. Energy guide and Development Lab Manual. Pearson Learning Solutions, Boston, MA.   |Points |Self-Assessment |Total clear | |Introduction |2 | 2 |  | |Results |2 | 2 |  | |Figures/Tables |3 | 3 |  | |Discussion |3 | 3 |  | |Total |10 | 10 |  |\r\n'

'Famous poem Essay\r'

'William Cullen Bryant’s famous poem â€Å"Thanatopis” liter on the wholey means a view of wipeout. This poem is maven and only(a) of the classics about death as it finish offers a nonviolent view of death, reliever for the living, and no matter what a person’s religious beliefs, the poem is solace applicable. â€Å"Thanatopsis” views death as fragmentise of the return to nature, identical death is unspoiled some other phase of animateness itself. â€Å" humankind, that nourished thee, shall claim Thy growth, to be resolved to estate again,” (Bryant).\r\nThis quote explains that as a person has blisteringd upon the Earth, the Earth testament now live upon that person. The person will live on but in another appearance. â€Å"Surrendering up Thine individual being, shalt thou go To jumble forever with the elements,” (Bryant). What is meant in this quote is that the person goes on living in Nature although each part of the per son as an individual is gone. â€Å"Thanatopsis” also tells the ref that he/she will not go to death alone. Everyone who has ever died will already be in that location.\r\nEveryone who hasn’t gone yet will be there eventually. Social class or age do not matter; we all share one thing, and that one thing is death. In that way, we are all equal and death becomes the great equalizer. â€Å"Thanatopsis” also provides powderpuff for the living. â€Å"and what if thou withdraw In silence from the living, and no friend Take note of thy departure? every last(predicate) that breathe will share thy destiny” This arguing provides comfort for the living as well. For those who seemingly arrest no one in life, they will not be alone in death.\r\nNo person ever wants a friend or family member to suffer or to be alone, and Bryant tells us that no person will ever be alone. It is ofttimes easier to let someone go in this case. The sure beauty of the poem is that it provides comfort to a person no matter what his/her religious beliefs are. If the reader is an freethinker or atheist, the poem views death as just all part of the cycle of Nature. We return to nature. If the reader is Christian, the poem becomes a split between consistence and disposition. The body returns to Nature, and there is no acknowledgment of the soul or spirit.\r\nThe spirit basin be seen as going everywhere because there is no mention of it. So this poem is absolutely able to translated to Christianity. In fact, Bryant purposely rejected Puritanism in this poem in favor of a more open and evaluate Unitarianism. In fact, if the reader is Buddhist, the return to Nature can be seen as reincarnation. Therefore the poem is in sync with many different religions. The wonderful way that Bryant views death gives the living and the dying much comfort in the process.\r\nIn the end, death is like deceitfulness down on the couch and drifting off to sleep. It is painless and easy. Bryant also gives the reader advice on how to live life so that there is no take in to regret death or to be afeared(predicate) of it. The poem can provide comfort to any person of any religion and according to William eagle-eyed provides an appreciation of nature that we cannot forget.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nWilliam Cullen Bryant. Retrieved November 24, 2007 at tissue Site: http://www. msu. edu/~cloudsar/thanatop. htm Thanatopis. Retrieved November 24, 2007 at Web Site.\r\n'

'How effectively does Parker translate Act 3 Scene 3 on to the Screen? Essay\r'

'This is the eldest metre I have read a Shakespe atomic number 18 play, yet I have seen the film version of Romeo and Juliet. At first it was hard to understand, the lyric was difficult and it was a good level. Parker made the film to t each(prenominal)y regular filmgoers, and I give it easier to understand. The game was clutch gut the run-in was ch eachenging.\r\nThe array, the language and the photography all in all made it a good Shakespe atomic number 18 experience. As the p plow of Othello is more relevant to directly than Shakespe are’s conviction, it includes all the elements of modern day films, and is well presented by Parker. I choose to assess how effectively Parker translates the original script of Act 3 Scene 3, the temptation place setting. This is the icy panorama in the play. At the beginning Othello declares his slam for Desdemona, but by the difference his sense is hang on killing her. This face also shows the force-out of Iago and t he ability to manipulate all the differents.\r\nThe ‘temptation persuasion’ is the longest and most important cyclorama in the play. Iago, whose ingenuity, inventiveness, cunning, lack and hypocrisy are evident throughout, plays the dominating role in this pic. An analysis of the various life-and-death stages in Iagos assault on Othello’s serenity of mind, and on the re confideations of Desdemona and Cassio, give reveal the depth of Iagos malefic genius. At the beginning of the scene Othello is happily marital by the end he has decided to send off his wife and Cassio.\r\nIago immediately sets to work, using the slender secern so far to buy the farm against Cassio. He concentrates first on Cassio’s role as a go-between in Othello’s wooing of Desdemona, and allows Othello to disavow the circumstances of Cassio’s departure from Desdemona, and his own reservations virtually it. Othello has non been favourably impressed by the top stair manner of Cassio’s departure, and is non helped by Desdemona’s insistent, repetitions, irritating pleading on Cassio’s behalf. Iago’s briny strategy at this nous is to be sick out dark, mysterious hints of something that he pretends he does not want to bother Othello with. Iago succeeds in giving the flavor that on that point are some disreputable truths behind his insinuations. Othello’s suspicions inevitably grow, as Iago warns him of the dangers of jealousy.\r\nIago tells Othello that Venetian women are notorious for infidelity to their husbands. He reminds Othello that Desdemona’s deception of her yield in marrying him, and points the unnaturalness of her choice of Othello in preference to soul of her own race. Othello is now convinced of Iago’s honesty and knowledge of human nature that he searches for reasons for Desdemona’s infidelity.\r\nThe sight of Desdemona and if causes confusion in Othello’s mind. She notices a distressing change in his mental attitude and behaviour, and, in trying to help him, drops her hankie, a commit from Othello, and a token to which he attaches enormous shortenificance. Emila picks up the handkerchief and gives it to her husband. Iago decides to leave the handkerchief at Cassio’s lodgings. This is spill to be Othello’s first sign of truth. Iago, of course, cannot offer any proof, but argues that strong slender evidence ought to be enough to satisfy Othello. He mentions to pieces of manu situationu rose-cheeked testimony, Cassio’s trance and Cassio’s obstinacy of Desdemona’s handkerchief.\r\nIago was played by Northern Ireland natural fake Kenneth Branagh who is a famous Shakespearian actor and director. Irene Jacobs plays the part of Desdemona, who is a lesser-known Belgian actress. Lawrence Fishbourne is the first relentless actor to play Othello on film. on that point are a number of foreign actor s in this film, which gives a European appeal and creates the feeling of Italy or somewhere foreign; there is also a entire mixture of foreign parlances.\r\nLawrence Fishbourne c overs up his American accent really well. His vast array of colourful costumes, earrings, scars and shave head all suggest his exotic geek that has travelled the world. Iago on the other hand has only one costume throughout. This high get offs his role as a servant, but even with all the wealth and wealthiness of Othello and Desdemona, Iago is still able to wield his authority over them in to doing what he wants\r\nAct 3 scene 3 is 478 lines long, which is long for Shakespeare. In the text the unit thing takes place in the citadel, piece Parker uses all the techniques at his disposal to attract and maintain the viewers attention. Parker uses euphony, a concoction of different lighting and photographic camera angels to set the mood. Parker also uses flash spikelet and vision sequences truly effe ctively and has a vast variety of different locations throughout the scene.\r\nThe first scene has a sense of elegance and gracefulness with the 2 men spillage down the stairs to the courtyard and up the stairs to Desdemona. Although in this scene Iago throws his first blow, ein truththing is good-natured; there is a feeling of friendliness and harmony.\r\nThe contiguous scene is the pole armed combat between Iago and Othello. Iago is the one who is put to the ground but e realthing is good-natured. It shows Othello has power.\r\nAfter the pole fighting the scene changes again to the deuce men work down a narrow stairway dry wash their hands. Even at this point Othello’s costume has changed. This highlights his power.\r\nThe scene thus changes to the dark, brown, dull armoury, which is full of guns and gunpowder. The loneliness of the place, the guns, the cold bare metal and the ever-increasing absence of day adds to the ominous feeling of the scene. The camera changes and focuses a lot on the facial expression throughout this scene. A line is added from Act one into this scene, â€Å"… I forget pour my pestilence in his ear…” Iagos excogitate is to pour poison into Othello’s ear. His is the first time that you can clearly see the doubt in Othello’s face. The medical specialty then changes to a very high pitched note, suggests something very ominous is almost to happen, adds accent. But lightens again when Othello shows he is not loss to give into Iagos insinuations, then deepens again to show Othello’s mood.\r\nThe adjacent scene is up in the sleeping accommodation and is even darker, with only a very sink candle to light the agency. Iago is dressing Othello for the banquet while Othello is daydreaming, he has suspicious thoughts. While Iago remains the servant, he still exercises power over Othello’s thoughts and feelings. As the scene gets even dimmer Othello begins to succumb to Iagos sug gestions.\r\nThe next scene is the handkerchief scene, which is take upe in silence. Desdemona and Emila dress in and find Othello sitting at the end of the crease sweating. Desdemona wipes his head with the handkerchief and accidentally drops it. When the two leave Emila lifts it. Parker use silence as a powerful symbol in the handkerchief scenes. The handkerchief that seems such an insignificant article proves to be very dangerous in the end.\r\nThe scene then changes to a bedroom scene with Iago and genus Emilia, which in contrast to other love scenes in the play, is very crude and vulgar. The room is very dark and small and has little piece of furniture compared to Othello’s bedroom. This emphasizes their role as servants. As Emilia enters Iago turns his head away from her, but when she says she has the handkerchief that Othello gave Desdemona he is all over her, suggesting complete indifference and that he only wants her when she has something for her. At the end of the scene Iago says, â€Å"trifles light as air” and throws the handkerchief up into the air. The next time we see the handkerchief is in Cassio’s lodging where he leaves it in Bianca’s hand before he leaves. Iago had planted it there and Cassio had inclined it onto Bianca as a gift.\r\nParker then channels a scene in from act four where Othello quizzes Desdemona close the whereabouts of the handkerchief; this is to give more evidence. Othello is sure Desdemona is guilty and then when Desdemona ask Othello to give Cassio his job back this only enrages him further.\r\nThe scene then changes down to the beach. Parker makes the audience very mindful that they are on an island and isolated. The ruggedness of the rocks and the waves and the pounding, shows that they are far from Venice. Iago mocks his master, â€Å"…nor poppy nor mandragora…” nothing will bring him back his piece of mind. The climax in his scene is the very dramatic attempted d rowning of Iago, also the story where Iago complains of his sore tooth has a very damning attain on Othello. This scene does not appear in the original play by Shakespeare but is very effectively through with(p) by Parker to highlight the fact that Othello has totally fallen for Iago’s lies.\r\nThe next scene is up on the ramparts of the citadel; the feeling of puffy weather emphasizes the mix feelings in Othello’s mind about Desdemona’s distrust. Othello then gets down on both knees and makes a vow to the heavens, very dramatic, tension building. He then says, â€Å"Arise black vengeance, from the grasp hell.” Iago then gets down on his knees and they both inform brotherhood to each other in nightspot to kill two people. Parker adds the slitting of the palms and the clasping of the hands, this increases the horror of what they are going to do. Iago then says, â€Å"I am your own forever.” There is a feel of dramatic Irony, where the audience is aware what is about to happen to Othello but the character does not.\r\nThe main techniques employ by Parker are flash back and dream sequences, which allow us to see privileged the mind of Othello, whereas Shakespeare used soliloquy. The flash back and dream scenes are through with(p) in silence and don’t last very long. They are do in slow motion and are attended by music. They are frequently of Desdemona and Cassio in bed or talking to each other. The lovemaking is done very discreetly and delicacy and are done behind a muslin curtain. They are hinted at quite an than stated explicitly. There is a hint of red on the bed, which makes Othello think she is a whore.\r\nMusic is used effectively by Parker to create an ominous zephyr and highlights a climax or turning point in the scene. The first time music was introduced was when Othello said, â€Å"It were not for your quiet nor high pitched string note.” The music then deepens to a bass note where Iago says, â€Å" look out my lord of jealousy” and continues on this deep stride until Othello asks, â€Å"Thinkst thou make a life of jealousy.” The music then becomes more melodious and sweet, suggestion of will not fall prey to Iagos insinuations. At the line, â€Å" cash in ones chips me some poison” the music deepens again.\r\nParker leaves out about half of the 478 lines and yet he doesn’t compromise the meaning of the play. Very galore(postnominal) of Desdemona’s lines are omitted, more than anyone else, and yet with the use of flash back and dream sequences we are very aware of her battlefront throughout the play. Some of the scenes are rearranged, scene 4 into 3, make Othello’s death sentencing more convincing.\r\nParker does not compromise power and integrity of the play, he delivers a different perspective, which is more creative. There are difficulties with the language but with continued reading I found it a gripping story, and I foun d Parkers version accessible to modern filmgoers. Shakespeare’s play was limited, the language was used to keep the audiences attention but today film makers have different lighting, music, props and many other things, so this allowed parker to leave much of the language out.\r\n'

'Oliver Twist- Development Phase Essay\r'

' In our drama class, our teacher Mrs. Oteng had asked us to develop on our functioning of Oliver change form. We had previously performed the response phase which was a map gather with the main scenes of the novel by Charles Dickens. In the root of crime in society, in which we were covering, the novel of ‘Oliver falsify’ had aloneowed the class to have an insight of crime in the time-worn periods compared to right away. By seeing the angle in both perspectives, it anyowed the class to realise the consequences today and earlier and how crime affected lives.\r\nThe teaching phase was all based on evolution the movement with the make wont of of light, sustain, tone, levels and medicine. The change in the exemplify would allow the sense of hearing to see how these strategies changed the emotion in a trifle and how it bought life to it. The people who I decided to prepare with were Vishna, Daanish and Moshgan. We deeded advantageously unitedly and e in truthone in the aggroup had imaginative thinkings.\r\nWith the idea of bringing out a diametrical side to each slip we erectd the capital punishment by taking on the role of expert a few of the characters and showe a pick out opposite to what they are authencetically like. peckerwood Sikes was walkover by Daanish in the first scene. He vie the usual murderer who killed without mercy and who never looked back. However, I looseness a transvestite and sensitive bloom Sikes who was the complete opposite to him. In this case I was his conscience and I was playing the same mode he was barely in my own version. This allowed the auditory modality to see what a different personality of Bill would have done to the real play of Oliver Twist.\r\nSimilarly, Vishna play Nancy as the gentle and kind-hearted woman we knew, while Moshgan played the cold-hearted, stuck-up complete opposite to the real character to Nancy. By doing this we could keep to the same storyline but we al lowed the auditory sense to see what it was like if the characters had a subaltern change in their personality.\r\nWe as well as foc utilize on the relationship between Nancy and Bill Sikes. In the novel, they had a loveless and tactless relationship, while in our play we took it from the real angle and in a real, winning relationship. This created a contrast in the play which allowed the interview to see both perspectives. This was the aim of our play and I believe the reference slow mute that.\r\nI believe that our group did extremely well and the audience enjoyed it. It was one of the most complicated plays to put together because of the changes in the scenes and the change of characters as a group. However, the use of props allowed each of the characters to be distinguished easily and the audience understood who each one of us was; more efficiently. I wore a tight shirt, which showed my homosexual character and the way in which I was safekeeping my tree trunk was convi ncing. Daanish wore a puffy jacket which showed his government agency and toughness. Moshgan wore a tight pink screening which showed of her body which showed that she was a prostitute while Vishna wore neutral garb which did not need to reveal much. The use of props really helped to enhance our drama.\r\nTowards the end of our drama, Mrs. Oteng played a piece of sad and somber music which really enhanced our drama when Nancy was getting beaten by Bill Sikes which lead to her death. The music made the audience feel more connected to the drama and the music added emotion to the drama and bought sympathy for Vishna’s character.\r\nWe did not use light in our performance as we found it was unnecessary. However, we used different tones in our voices’ and we used different levels on stage and even withdraw stage. We used the explorative strategies well enough for top marks. On a whole, our class had many individualist thought-tracks which showed how I characters felt w hich was equally as important. My thought-tracks were in truth comedic which made the audience laugh after all the violence and upsetting scenes which were to follow. By saying things like, ‘I shave the hairs on my chest’, made the audience laugh. I believe that a little mental capacity would ease the audience a little moment and that is why I was the only comedic character as we had to keep to the topic of crime.\r\nUnder the topic of ‘ discourtesy in Society’, I believe that our play showed domestic violence the most and this was our main focus. domesticated violence occurs a lot in today’s society but also in the olden days. The points we were conveying were that it was as bad then, then as today. On a whole, I was sprightly with my group’s performance and I enjoyed works with them.\r\nI was now told to observe another groups performance and comment on the way in which they veritable their drama. The group that I decided to observe was with Louise, Mohammed, Aiman, Sumhar, Anthony and Maya. This group had six people and I believed that they worked very well together to come up with a performance which included everybody. They changed Sumhar’s role as ‘Oliver Twist’ to Olivia Twist. from each one character kept in role and they used the drama equally as well. Each of the character’s thought-tracked and they used levels and tones in their voices to enhance their drama. Their play was based on the scene where Olivia gets kidnapped by Fagin and Bill Sikes for Nancy’s pleasure. Nancy played by Maya had also changed her role from being a nice, kind-hearted woman to a frail, evil woman. This was similar to our group’s idea and this was effective as only one of the characters had changed personality. I loved watching this performance, each character was in role and I understood the storyline very well.\r\nThe aspect of Crime in Society in this play was based on kidnappings, peopl e owing money, poverty and how this all leads to deaths in society.\r\nOn a whole, I believe that by developing the play of ‘Oliver Twist’, I learnt the consequences of crime in the olden days. I t also taught me how to enhance a play by taking a simplistic idea from a particular scene and by working on it to show the audience something they force not have realised or understood as much. I enjoyed working on the development phase and I believe that by developing the performance we encounter more. I would like to work on developing a performance in the future and I liked this part of the shop class the most.\r\n'